0001. Python语言程序设计（MOOC · 北京理工大学）
1. 📝 概述
- Python 语言程序设计（MOOC · 北京理工大学）课件、视频资料、学习笔记等资源，位于 TNotes.yuque 中。
2. 💻 demos.1 - 课程实例汇总
2.1. 温度转换
py
# TempConvert.py
TempStr = input("请输入带有符号的温度值: ")
if TempStr[-1] in ["F", "f"]:
C = (eval(TempStr[0:-1]) - 32) / 1.8
print("转换后的温度是{:.2f}C".format(C))
elif TempStr[-1] in ["C", "c"]:
F = 1.8 * eval(TempStr[0:-1]) + 32
print("转换后的温度是{:.2f}F".format(F))
else:
print("输入格式错误")
# 输出：
"""
请输入带有符号的温度值: 39C
转换后的温度是102.20F
"""1
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2.2. python 蟒蛇绘制
py
# PythonDraw.py
import turtle
turtle.setup(650, 350, 200, 200)
turtle.penup()
turtle.fd(-250)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.pensize(25)
turtle.pencolor("purple")
turtle.seth(-40)
for i in range(4):
turtle.circle(40, 80)
turtle.circle(-40, 80)
turtle.circle(40, 80 / 2)
turtle.fd(40)
turtle.circle(16, 180)
turtle.fd(40 * 2 / 3)
turtle.done()1
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2.3. 天天向上的力量
py
# DayDayUpQ1.py
dayup = pow(1.001, 365)
daydown = pow(0.999, 365)
print("向上：{:.2f}，向下：{:.2f}".format(dayup, daydown))
# 向上：1.44，向下：0.691
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py
# DayDayUpQ2.py
dayfactor = 0.019
dayup = pow(1 + dayfactor, 365)
daydown = pow(1 - dayfactor, 365)
print("向上：{:.2f}，向下：{:.2f}".format(dayup, daydown))
# 向上：962.89，向下：0.001
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py
# DayDayUpQ3.py
dayup = 1.0
dayfactor = 0.01
for i in range(365):
if i % 7 in [6, 0]:
dayup = dayup * (1 - dayfactor)
else:
dayup = dayup * (1 + dayfactor)
print("工作日的力量：{:.2f} ".format(dayup))
# 工作日的力量：4.631
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py
# DayDayUpQ4.py
def dayUP(df):
dayup = 1
for i in range(365):
if i % 7 in [6, 0]:
dayup = dayup * (1 - 0.01)
else:
dayup = dayup * (1 + df)
return dayup
dayfactor = 0.01
while dayUP(dayfactor) < 37.78:
dayfactor += 0.001
print("工作日的努力参数是：{:.3f} ".format(dayfactor))
# 工作日的努力参数是：0.0191
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2.4. 文本进度条
py
# TextProBarV1.py
import time
scale = 10
print("------执行开始------")
for i in range(scale + 1):
a = "*" * i
b = "." * (scale - i)
c = (i / scale) * 100
print("{:^3.0f}%[{}->{}]".format(c, a, b))
time.sleep(0.1)
print("------执行结束------")
"""
------执行开始------
0 %[->..........]
10 %[*->.........]
20 %[**->........]
30 %[***->.......]
40 %[****->......]
50 %[*****->.....]
60 %[******->....]
70 %[*******->...]
80 %[********->..]
90 %[*********->.]
100%[**********->]
------执行结束------
"""1
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py
# TextProBarV2.py
import time
for i in range(101):
print("\r{:3}%".format(i), end="")
time.sleep(0.1)
# 100%1
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py
# TextProBarV3.py
import time
scale = 50
print("执行开始".center(scale // 2, "-"))
start = time.perf_counter()
for i in range(scale + 1):
a = "*" * i
b = "." * (scale - i)
c = (i / scale) * 100
dur = time.perf_counter() - start
print("\r{:^3.0f}%[{}->{}]{:.2f}s".format(c, a, b, dur), end="")
time.sleep(0.1)
print("\n" + "执行结束".center(scale // 2, "-"))
"""
-----------执行开始----------
100%[**************************************************->]5.22s
-----------执行结束----------
"""1
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2.5. 身体质量指数
py
# CalBMIv1.py
height, weight = eval(input("请输入身高(米)和体重(公斤)[逗号隔开]: "))
bmi = weight / pow(height, 2)
print("BMI 数值为：{:.2f}".format(bmi))
who = ""
if bmi < 18.5:
who = "偏瘦"
elif 18.5 <= bmi < 25:
who = "正常"
elif 25 <= bmi < 30:
who = "偏胖"
else:
who = "肥胖"
print("BMI 指标为:国际'{0}'".format(who))
"""
请输入身高(米)和体重(公斤)[逗号隔开]: 1.66,66
BMI 数值为：23.95
BMI 指标为:国际'正常'
"""1
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py
# CalBMIv2.py
height, weight = eval(input("请输入身高(米)和体重(公斤)[逗号隔开]: "))
bmi = weight / pow(height, 2)
print("BMI 数值为：{:.2f}".format(bmi))
nat = ""
if bmi < 18.5:
nat = "偏瘦"
elif 18.5 <= bmi < 24:
nat = "正常"
elif 24 <= bmi < 28:
nat = "偏胖"
else:
nat = "肥胖"
print("BMI 指标为:国内'{0}'".format(nat))
"""
请输入身高(米)和体重(公斤)[逗号隔开]: 1.66,66
BMI 数值为：23.95
BMI 指标为:国内'正常'
"""1
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py
# CalBMIv3.py
height, weight = eval(input("请输入身高(米)和体重(公斤)[逗号隔开]: "))
bmi = weight / pow(height, 2)
print("BMI 数值为：{:.2f}".format(bmi))
who, nat = "", ""
if bmi < 18.5:
who, nat = "偏瘦", "偏瘦"
elif 18.5 <= bmi < 24:
who, nat = "正常", "正常"
elif 24 <= bmi < 25:
who, nat = "正常", "偏胖"
elif 25 <= bmi < 28:
who, nat = "偏胖", "偏胖"
elif 28 <= bmi < 30:
who, nat = "偏胖", "肥胖"
else:
who, nat = "肥胖", "肥胖"
print("BMI 指标为:国际'{0}', 国内'{1}'".format(who, nat))
"""
请输入身高(米)和体重(公斤)[逗号隔开]: 1.66,66
BMI 数值为：23.95
BMI 指标为:国际'正常', 国内'正常'
"""1
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2.6. 圆周率的计算
py
# CalPiV1.py
pi = 0
N = 100
for k in range(N):
pi += (
1
/ pow(16, k)
* (4 / (8 * k + 1) - 2 / (8 * k + 4) - 1 / (8 * k + 5) - 1 / (8 * k + 6))
)
print("圆周率值是: {}".format(pi))
# 圆周率值是: 3.1415926535897931
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py
# CalPiV2.py
from random import random
from time import perf_counter
DARTS = 1000 * 1000
hits = 0.0
start = perf_counter()
for i in range(1, DARTS + 1):
x, y = random(), random()
dist = pow(x**2 + y**2, 0.5)
if dist <= 1.0:
hits = hits + 1
pi = 4 * (hits / DARTS)
print("圆周率值是: {}".format(pi))
print("运行时间是: {:.5f}s".format(perf_counter() - start))
"""
圆周率值是: 3.141568
运行时间是: 0.25680s
"""1
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2.7. 七段数码管绘制
py
# SevenDigitsDrawV1.py
import turtle
def drawLine(draw): # 绘制单段数码管
turtle.pendown() if draw else turtle.penup()
turtle.fd(40)
turtle.right(90)
def drawDigit(digit): # 根据数字绘制七段数码管
drawLine(True) if digit in [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9] else drawLine(False)
drawLine(True) if digit in [0, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] else drawLine(False)
drawLine(True) if digit in [0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9] else drawLine(False)
drawLine(True) if digit in [0, 2, 6, 8] else drawLine(False)
turtle.left(90)
drawLine(True) if digit in [0, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9] else drawLine(False)
drawLine(True) if digit in [0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] else drawLine(False)
drawLine(True) if digit in [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9] else drawLine(False)
turtle.left(180)
turtle.penup()
turtle.fd(20)
def drawDate(date): # 获得要输出的数字
for i in date:
drawDigit(eval(i)) # 通过eval()函数将数字变为整数
def main():
turtle.setup(800, 350, 200, 200)
turtle.penup()
turtle.fd(-300)
turtle.pensize(5)
drawDate("20181010")
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.done()
main()1
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py
# SevenDigitsDrawV2.py
import turtle, time
def drawGap(): # 绘制数码管间隔
turtle.penup()
turtle.fd(5)
def drawLine(draw): # 绘制单段数码管
drawGap()
turtle.pendown() if draw else turtle.penup()
turtle.fd(40)
drawGap()
turtle.right(90)
def drawDigit(d): # 根据数字绘制七段数码管
drawLine(True) if d in [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9] else drawLine(False)
drawLine(True) if d in [0, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] else drawLine(False)
drawLine(True) if d in [0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9] else drawLine(False)
drawLine(True) if d in [0, 2, 6, 8] else drawLine(False)
turtle.left(90)
drawLine(True) if d in [0, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9] else drawLine(False)
drawLine(True) if d in [0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] else drawLine(False)
drawLine(True) if d in [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9] else drawLine(False)
turtle.left(180)
turtle.penup()
turtle.fd(20)
def drawDate(date):
turtle.pencolor("red")
for i in date:
if i == "-":
turtle.write("年", font=("Arial", 18, "normal"))
turtle.pencolor("green")
turtle.fd(40)
elif i == "=":
turtle.write("月", font=("Arial", 18, "normal"))
turtle.pencolor("blue")
turtle.fd(40)
elif i == "+":
turtle.write("日", font=("Arial", 18, "normal"))
else:
drawDigit(eval(i))
def main():
turtle.setup(800, 350, 200, 200)
turtle.penup()
turtle.fd(-350)
turtle.pensize(5)
# drawDate('2018-10=10+')
drawDate(time.strftime("%Y-%m=%d+", time.gmtime()))
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.done()
main()1
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2.8. 科赫雪花小包裹
py
# KochDrawV1.py
import turtle
def koch(size, n):
if n == 0:
turtle.fd(size)
else:
for angle in [0, 60, -120, 60]:
turtle.left(angle)
koch(size / 3, n - 1)
def main():
turtle.setup(800, 400)
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(-300, -50)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.pensize(2)
koch(600, 3) # 0阶科赫曲线长度，阶数
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.done()
main()1
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py
# KochDrawV2.py
import turtle
def koch(size, n):
if n == 0:
turtle.fd(size)
else:
for angle in [0, 60, -120, 60]:
turtle.left(angle)
koch(size / 3, n - 1)
def main():
turtle.setup(600, 600)
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(-200, 100)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.pensize(2)
level = 3 # 3阶科赫雪花，阶数
koch(400, level)
turtle.right(120)
koch(400, level)
turtle.right(120)
koch(400, level)
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.done()
main()1
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2.9. 基本统计值计算
py
# CalStatisticsV1.py
def getNum(): # 获取用户不定长度的输入
nums = []
iNumStr = input("请输入数字(回车退出): ")
while iNumStr != "":
nums.append(eval(iNumStr))
iNumStr = input("请输入数字(回车退出): ")
return nums
def mean(numbers): # 计算平均值
s = 0.0
for num in numbers:
s = s + num
return s / len(numbers)
def dev(numbers, mean): # 计算方差
sdev = 0.0
for num in numbers:
sdev = sdev + (num - mean) ** 2
return pow(sdev / (len(numbers) - 1), 0.5)
def median(numbers): # 计算中位数
sorted(numbers)
size = len(numbers)
if size % 2 == 0:
med = (numbers[size // 2 - 1] + numbers[size // 2]) / 2
else:
med = numbers[size // 2]
return med
n = getNum() # 主体函数
m = mean(n)
print("平均值:{},方差:{:.2},中位数:{}.".format(m, dev(n, m), median(n)))
"""
请输入数字(回车退出): 1
请输入数字(回车退出): 2
请输入数字(回车退出): 3
请输入数字(回车退出): 4
请输入数字(回车退出): 5
请输入数字(回车退出):
平均值:3.0,方差:1.6,中位数:3.
"""1
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2.10. 文本词频统计
py
# CalThreeKingdomsV1.py
import jieba
txt = open("threekingdoms.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8").read()
words = jieba.lcut(txt)
counts = {}
for word in words:
if len(word) == 1:
continue
else:
counts[word] = counts.get(word, 0) + 1
items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
for i in range(15):
word, count = items[i]
print("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word, count))
"""
曹操 953
孔明 836
将军 772
却说 656
玄德 585
关公 510
丞相 491
二人 469
不可 440
荆州 425
玄德曰 390
孔明曰 390
不能 384
如此 378
张飞 358
"""1
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py
# CalThreeKingdomsV2.py
import jieba
excludes = {"将军", "却说", "荆州", "二人", "不可", "不能", "如此"}
txt = open("threekingdoms.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8").read()
words = jieba.lcut(txt)
counts = {}
for word in words:
if len(word) == 1:
continue
elif word == "诸葛亮" or word == "孔明曰":
rword = "孔明"
elif word == "关公" or word == "云长":
rword = "关羽"
elif word == "玄德" or word == "玄德曰":
rword = "刘备"
elif word == "孟德" or word == "丞相":
rword = "曹操"
else:
rword = word
counts[rword] = counts.get(rword, 0) + 1
for word in excludes:
del counts[word]
items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
for i in range(10):
word, count = items[i]
print("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word, count))
"""
曹操 1451
孔明 1383
刘备 1252
关羽 784
张飞 358
商议 344
如何 338
主公 331
军士 317
吕布 300
"""1
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py
# CalHamletV1.py
def getText():
txt = open("hamlet.txt", "r").read()
txt = txt.lower()
for ch in '!"#$%&()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_‘{|}~':
txt = txt.replace(ch, " ") # 将文本中特殊字符替换为空格
return txt
hamletTxt = getText()
words = hamletTxt.split()
counts = {}
for word in words:
counts[word] = counts.get(word, 0) + 1
items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
for i in range(10):
word, count = items[i]
print("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word, count))
"""
the 1138
and 965
to 754
of 669
you 550
i 542
a 542
my 514
hamlet 462
in 436
"""1
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2.11. 自动轨迹绘制
py
# AutoTraceDraw.py
import turtle as t
t.title("自动轨迹绘制")
t.setup(800, 600, 0, 0)
t.pencolor("red")
t.pensize(5)
# 数据读取
datals = []
f = open("data.txt")
for line in f:
line = line.replace("\n", "")
datals.append(list(map(eval, line.split(","))))
f.close()
# 自动绘制
for i in range(len(datals)):
t.pencolor(datals[i][3], datals[i][4], datals[i][5])
t.fd(datals[i][0])
if datals[i][1]:
t.rt(datals[i][2])
else:
t.lt(datals[i][2])
t.done()1
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2.12. 政府工作报告词云
py
# GovRptWordCloudv1.py
import jieba
import wordcloud
f = open("新时代中国特色社会主义.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8")
t = f.read()
f.close()
ls = jieba.lcut(t)
txt = " ".join(ls)
w = wordcloud.WordCloud(
width=1000, height=700, background_color="white", font_path="msyh.ttc"
)
w.generate(txt)
w.to_file("grwordcloud.png")1
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py
# GovRptWordCloudv1.py
import jieba
import wordcloud
f = open("关于实施乡村振兴战略的意见.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8")
t = f.read()
f.close()
ls = jieba.lcut(t)
txt = " ".join(ls)
w = wordcloud.WordCloud(
width=1000, height=700, background_color="white", font_path="msyh.ttc"
)
w.generate(txt)
w.to_file("grwordcloud.png")1
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py
# GovRptWordCloudv1.py
import jieba
import wordcloud
f = open("新时代中国特色社会主义.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8")
t = f.read()
f.close()
ls = jieba.lcut(t)
txt = " ".join(ls)
w = wordcloud.WordCloud(
width=1000, height=700, background_color="white", font_path="msyh.ttc", max_words=15
)
w.generate(txt)
w.to_file("grwordcloud.png")1
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py
# GovRptWordCloudv1.py
import jieba
import wordcloud
f = open("关于实施乡村振兴战略的意见.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8")
t = f.read()
f.close()
ls = jieba.lcut(t)
txt = " ".join(ls)
w = wordcloud.WordCloud(
width=1000, height=700, background_color="white", font_path="msyh.ttc", max_words=15
)
w.generate(txt)
w.to_file("grwordcloud.png")1
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py
# GovRptWordCloudv2.py
import jieba
import wordcloud
from imageio import imread
mask = imread("fivestart.png")
excludes = {}
f = open("新时代中国特色社会主义.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8")
t = f.read()
f.close()
ls = jieba.lcut(t)
txt = " ".join(ls)
w = wordcloud.WordCloud(
width=1000, height=700, background_color="white", font_path="msyh.ttc", mask=mask
)
w.generate(txt)
w.to_file("grwordcloudm.png")1
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py
# GovRptWordCloudv2.py
import jieba
import wordcloud
from imageio import imread
mask = imread("fivestart.png")
excludes = {}
f = open("关于实施乡村振兴战略的意见.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8")
t = f.read()
f.close()
ls = jieba.lcut(t)
txt = " ".join(ls)
w = wordcloud.WordCloud(
width=1000, height=700, background_color="white", font_path="msyh.ttc", mask=mask
)
w.generate(txt)
w.to_file("grwordcloudm.png")1
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py
# GovRptWordCloudv2.py
import jieba
import wordcloud
from imageio import imread
mask = imread("chinamap.jpg")
excludes = {}
f = open("新时代中国特色社会主义.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8")
t = f.read()
f.close()
ls = jieba.lcut(t)
txt = " ".join(ls)
w = wordcloud.WordCloud(
width=1000, height=700, background_color="white", font_path="msyh.ttc", mask=mask
)
w.generate(txt)
w.to_file("grwordcloudm.png")1
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py
# GovRptWordCloudv2.py
import jieba
import wordcloud
from imageio import imread
mask = imread("chinamap.jpg")
excludes = {}
f = open("关于实施乡村振兴战略的意见.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8")
t = f.read()
f.close()
ls = jieba.lcut(t)
txt = " ".join(ls)
w = wordcloud.WordCloud(
width=1000, height=700, background_color="white", font_path="msyh.ttc", mask=mask
)
w.generate(txt)
w.to_file("grwordcloudm.png")1
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2.13. 体育竞技分析
py
# MatchAnalysis.py
from random import random
def printIntro():
print("这个程序模拟两个选手A和B的某种竞技比赛")
print("程序运行需要A和B的能力值（以0到1之间的小数表示）")
def getInputs():
a = eval(input("请输入选手A的能力值(0-1): "))
b = eval(input("请输入选手B的能力值(0-1): "))
n = eval(input("模拟比赛的场次: "))
return a, b, n
def simNGames(n, probA, probB):
winsA, winsB = 0, 0
for i in range(n):
scoreA, scoreB = simOneGame(probA, probB)
if scoreA > scoreB:
winsA += 1
else:
winsB += 1
return winsA, winsB
def gameOver(a, b):
return a == 15 or b == 15
def simOneGame(probA, probB):
scoreA, scoreB = 0, 0
serving = "A"
while not gameOver(scoreA, scoreB):
if serving == "A":
if random() < probA:
scoreA += 1
else:
serving = "B"
else:
if random() < probB:
scoreB += 1
else:
serving = "A"
return scoreA, scoreB
def printSummary(winsA, winsB):
n = winsA + winsB
print("竞技分析开始，共模拟{}场比赛".format(n))
print("选手A获胜{}场比赛，占比{:0.1%}".format(winsA, winsA / n))
print("选手B获胜{}场比赛，占比{:0.1%}".format(winsB, winsB / n))
def main():
printIntro()
probA, probB, n = getInputs()
winsA, winsB = simNGames(n, probA, probB)
printSummary(winsA, winsB)
main()
"""
这个程序模拟两个选手A和B的某种竞技比赛
程序运行需要A和B的能力值（以0到1之间的小数表示）
请输入选手A的能力值(0-1): 0.5
请输入选手B的能力值(0-1): 0.5
模拟比赛的场次: 1000
竞技分析开始，共模拟1000场比赛
选手A获胜548场比赛，占比54.8%
选手B获胜452场比赛，占比45.2%
这个程序模拟两个选手A和B的某种竞技比赛
程序运行需要A和B的能力值（以0到1之间的小数表示）
请输入选手A的能力值(0-1): 0.5
请输入选手B的能力值(0-1): 0.5
模拟比赛的场次: 1000
竞技分析开始，共模拟1000场比赛
选手A获胜499场比赛，占比49.9%
选手B获胜501场比赛，占比50.1%
"""1
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2.14. 第三方库安装脚本
py
# BatchInstall.py
import os
libs = {
"numpy",
"matplotlib",
"pillow",
"sklearn",
"requests",
"jieba",
"beautifulsoup4",
"wheel",
"networkx",
"sympy",
"pyinstaller",
"django",
"flask",
"werobot",
"pyqt5",
"pandas",
"pyopengl",
"pypdf2",
"docopt",
"pygame",
}
try:
for lib in libs:
os.system("pip3 install " + lib)
print("Successful")
except:
print("Failed Somehow")1
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2.15. 霍兰德人格分析雷达图
py
# HollandRadarDraw
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib
matplotlib.rcParams["font.family"] = "Hiragino Sans GB"
radar_labels = np.array(
["研究型(I)", "艺术型(A)", "社会型(S)", "企业型(E)", "常规型(C)", "现实型(R)", "研究型(I)"]
) # 雷达标签，增加一个起始元素以与 angles 数组长度匹配
nAttr = 6
data = np.array(
[
[0.40, 0.32, 0.35, 0.30, 0.30, 0.88],
[0.85, 0.35, 0.30, 0.40, 0.40, 0.30],
[0.43, 0.89, 0.30, 0.28, 0.22, 0.30],
[0.30, 0.25, 0.48, 0.85, 0.45, 0.40],
[0.20, 0.38, 0.87, 0.45, 0.32, 0.28],
[0.34, 0.31, 0.38, 0.40, 0.92, 0.28],
]
) # 数据值
data_labels = ("艺术家", "实验员", "工程师", "推销员", "社会工作者", "记事员")
angles = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, nAttr, endpoint=False)
data = np.concatenate((data, [data[0]]))
angles = np.concatenate((angles, [angles[0]]))
fig = plt.figure(facecolor="white")
plt.subplot(111, polar=True)
plt.plot(angles, data, "o-", linewidth=1, alpha=0.2)
plt.fill(angles, data, alpha=0.25)
plt.thetagrids(angles * 180 / np.pi, radar_labels) # 移除 frac 参数
plt.figtext(0.52, 0.95, "霍兰德人格分析", ha="center", size=20)
legend = plt.legend(data_labels, loc=(0.94, 0.80), labelspacing=0.1)
plt.setp(legend.get_texts(), fontsize="large")
plt.grid(True)
plt.savefig("holland_radar.jpg")
plt.show()1
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2.16. 玫瑰花绘制
py
# RoseDraw.py
import turtle as t
# 定义一个曲线绘制函数
def DegreeCurve(n, r, d=1):
for i in range(n):
t.left(d)
t.circle(r, abs(d))
# 初始位置设定
s = 0.2 # size
t.setup(450 * 5 * s, 750 * 5 * s)
t.pencolor("black")
t.fillcolor("red")
t.speed(100)
t.penup()
t.goto(0, 900 * s)
t.pendown()
# 绘制花朵形状
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(200 * s, 30)
DegreeCurve(60, 50 * s)
t.circle(200 * s, 30)
DegreeCurve(4, 100 * s)
t.circle(200 * s, 50)
DegreeCurve(50, 50 * s)
t.circle(350 * s, 65)
DegreeCurve(40, 70 * s)
t.circle(150 * s, 50)
DegreeCurve(20, 50 * s, -1)
t.circle(400 * s, 60)
DegreeCurve(18, 50 * s)
t.fd(250 * s)
t.right(150)
t.circle(-500 * s, 12)
t.left(140)
t.circle(550 * s, 110)
t.left(27)
t.circle(650 * s, 100)
t.left(130)
t.circle(-300 * s, 20)
t.right(123)
t.circle(220 * s, 57)
t.end_fill()
# 绘制花枝形状
t.left(120)
t.fd(280 * s)
t.left(115)
t.circle(300 * s, 33)
t.left(180)
t.circle(-300 * s, 33)
DegreeCurve(70, 225 * s, -1)
t.circle(350 * s, 104)
t.left(90)
t.circle(200 * s, 105)
t.circle(-500 * s, 63)
t.penup()
t.goto(170 * s, -30 * s)
t.pendown()
t.left(160)
DegreeCurve(20, 2500 * s)
DegreeCurve(220, 250 * s, -1)
# 绘制一个绿色叶子
t.fillcolor("green")
t.penup()
t.goto(670 * s, -180 * s)
t.pendown()
t.right(140)
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(300 * s, 120)
t.left(60)
t.circle(300 * s, 120)
t.end_fill()
t.penup()
t.goto(180 * s, -550 * s)
t.pendown()
t.right(85)
t.circle(600 * s, 40)
# 绘制另一个绿色叶子
t.penup()
t.goto(-150 * s, -1000 * s)
t.pendown()
t.begin_fill()
t.rt(120)
t.circle(300 * s, 115)
t.left(75)
t.circle(300 * s, 100)
t.end_fill()
t.penup()
t.goto(430 * s, -1070 * s)
t.pendown()
t.right(30)
t.circle(-600 * s, 35)
t.done()1
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